儿童外周动脉导管管理的最佳证据总结
发布人:yaot 发布时间:2024/7/10 9:51:11 浏览次数:673次
——徐婷婷 张伟英 李燕?王祝平 罗雯懿 吕剑虹
【摘要】目的 检索、评价和总结儿童外周动脉导管管理的最佳证据,为临床医护人员规范化操作提供循证依据。方法 检索UpToDate、BMJ Best Practice、国内外相关指南网站、中英文数据库以及专业协会网站中关于儿童外周动脉导管管理的临床决策、指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统评价文献。由两名研究人员独立对文献进行筛选、质量评价、证据提取。结果 共纳入16篇文献,其中临床决策1篇、指南5篇、证据总结8篇、系统评价2篇。汇总形成包括导管留置、导管维护、并发症预防与处理、导管拔除4个方面共31条的最佳证据。结论 在证据转化应用过程中,医护人员可结合临床情境制订儿童外周动脉导管管理策略,以规范临床操作。
【关键词】动脉导管;外周动脉;儿童;导管管理;证据总结;循证护理
中图分类号:R322.121;R47 文献标识码:A
Summary of the Best Evidence for Peripheral Arterial Catheter Management in Children/XU Tingting,ZHANG Weiying,LI Yan,et al.//Chinese Health Quality Management,2024,31(6):44-49
Abstract Objective To retrieve, evaluate and summarize the best evidence of peripheral arterial catheter management in children, and provide evidence-based basis for the standardized operation of clinical staff.Methods The literatures were searched from UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, guideline networks, domestic and international databases, and website of professional associations involving peripheral arterial catheter management in children. Literatures included best practice, guidelines, expert consensuses, evidence summaries, systematic reviews. Literature screening, quality evaluation, evidence extraction were conducted independently by two researchers.Results A total of 16 publications were included, involving 1 best practice, 5 guidelines, 8 evidence summaries, 2 systematic reviews. 31 pieces of evidence related to peripheral arterial catheter management in children were extracted and summarized into 4 items, including placement, maintenance, complication prevention and management, and extubation.Conclusion In the process of evidence transformation and application, the medical staff can formulate the management strategy of children's peripheral arterial catheter according to the clinical situation, so as to standardize the clinical operation.
Key words Arterial Catheter;Peripheral Artery;Children;Catheter Management;Summary of Evidence;Evidence-Based Nursing
Firstauthor's address Shanghai Children's Hospital/Shanghai Children's Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200062,China
外周动脉导管一方面用于需要频繁进行血气分析的患者,以减轻患者疼痛及血管壁损伤;另一方面用于需要持续动态监测有创血压的危重患者,以及时发现血压变化,提高临床监测效率[1]。儿童患者病情隐匿、变化快,常需要留置动脉导管进行病情监测及血气分析[2]。与成人患者相比,儿童患者由于皮下脂肪比例高、血管直径小、配合度差,外周动脉导管留置与维护更具有挑战性[3-4]。研究表明,儿童患者经外周动脉留置导管易发生短暂性动脉阻塞、动脉导管内血肿、感染等并发症[5-6],这不仅降低了动脉导管的功能性及安全性,而且增加了患儿因反复穿刺带来的痛苦[7-8]。因此,科学管理儿童外周动脉导管十分重要。目前,有指南[9]和证据总结[10]提及动脉导管置管部位选择、敷料更换等,也有系统评价[11]探讨动脉导管冲洗液选择,但其适用于所有人群且证据较为分散,尚缺乏针对儿童外周动脉导管的循证管理策略。本研究通过循证方法总结儿童外周动脉导管管理的最佳证据,以期为临床实践提供参考。
1研究方法
1.1明确问题
采用复旦大学循证护理中心的PIPOST工具来明确循证问题[12]。证据应用的目标人群(Population,P)为需要留置外周动脉导管的28天~18岁住院儿童;干预措施(Intervention,I)为儿童外周动脉导管护理及管理措施;证据应用人员(Professional,P)为临床医护人员;结局(Outcome,O)指标为外周动脉导管相关并发症,如堵塞、血栓、感染等;证据应用场所(Setting,S)为需要外周动脉导管进行病情监测或治疗的科室,如重症监护病房、手术室;证据类型(Type of evidence,T)包括临床决策、指南、专家共识、证据总结和系统评价。本研究已通过复旦大学循证护理中心审核(注册号:ES20233210)。
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